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in Sch 10, Sch 40, Sch 80, and Sch 160. Crimped or pressed connections use special fittings which are permanently attached to tubing with a powered crimper. The fittings, manufactured with a pre-installed sealant or O-ring, slide over the tubing to be connected. High pressure is used to deform the fitting and compress the sealant against the inner tubing, creating a leakproof seal. Flange connections tend to be expensive, because of their requirement for precision forming of metal. To make a solder connection, a chemical flux is applied to the inner sleeve of a joint and the pipe is inserted.

This instruction describes the pre-assembly of a cutting ring (SRD…VA) on the stainless steel pipe in the assembly stud and the finishing assembly of the cutting ring in the screw sleeve. Manufacturers such as Victaulic and Grinnell produce sleeve-clamp fittings which are replacing many flange connections. They attach to the end of a pipe segment via circumferential grooves pressed around the end of the pipe to be joined. They are widely used on larger steel pipes, and can also be used with other materials.

malleable cast iron pipe fittings

If both ends are the same gender, it is a gender-changing reducer. Insulating pipes is important when you’re working with refrigeration and heating systems. We stock Class O, plumbing pipe and lagging to help with insulation in all scenarios. In Eccentric reducer, the center of both ends is on different axis as shown in the image. When one of the outside surfaces of the pipeline is to be maintained the same, eccentric reducers are required. It is a type of Tee that has the branch at a 45° angle, or an angle other than 90°.

Push-to-pull fittings are a type of easily removed compression fitting that allows pipes to be connected with minimal use of tools. These fittings are similar to regular compression fittings, but use an O-ring for sealing and a grip ring to hold the pipe. The main advantage is that it can easily be removed and re-used, it is easy to assemble, and the joints are still rotatable even after assembly. The pipe end should be square so it sits against the stop in the fittings and does not create turbulence, and needs to be a clean cut to avoid damaging the O-ring during insertion.

Wye tee allows one pipe to be joined to another at a 45° angle. This type of tee reduces friction and turbulence that could hamper the flow. A barred tee which is also known as a scrapper tee is used in pipelines that are pigged. The branch of the tee has a restriction bar welded internally to prevent the pig or scrapper to enter the branch. The bars are welded in the branch in a way that it will allow restriction free passage of the pig from the run pipe.

Long elbows are used in low-pressure gravity-fed systems and other applications where low turbulence and minimum deposition of entrained solids are of concern. They are available in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene , polyvinyl chloride , chlorinated polyvinyl chloride , and copper, and are used in DWV systems, sewage, and central vacuum systems. This section discusses fittings primarily used in pressurized piping systems, though there is some overlap with fittings for low-pressure or non-pressurized systems. Specialized fittings for the latter setups are discussed in the next major subsection.

They are made up of different materials like copper, iron, brass, PVC etc. Flange fittings are generally used for connections to valves, inline instruments or equipment nozzles. Two surfaces are joined tightly together with threaded bolts, wedges, clamps, or other means of applying high compressive force. Although a gasket, packing, or O-ring may be installed between the flanges to prevent leakage, it is sometimes possible to use only a special grease or nothing at all . Although flange fittings are bulky, they perform well in demanding applications such as large water supply networks and hydroelectric systems. Elbows are used to change the direction of flow between two pipes.